Library of Congress (LOC) Call Numbers (sometimes referred to as Call Letters), are a series of alphabetical and numerical characters that are placed on the spines (or other suitable locations) of library materials to denote where each one belongs on the shelf.
LOC call numbers are a little bit more complex than call numbers in the Dewey Decimal system, but LOC allows for more precise sorting.
A LOC call number might look something like this:
HF
1017
.B875
2020
The first letter or letters + the first set of numbers in a LOC call number are an item's Class and Subclass. These are used to group materials that contain information on the same, or similar, topics.
The second (and sometimes third, fourth, etc.) set of characters -- which start with a decimal point -- are called "Cutter Numbers". These help librarians sort items based on author, geographic region, or a number of other relevant pieces of metadata depending on the item. The LOC classification system calls for different types of cutter numbers in different circumstances.
The last set of numbers (if present) denotes the publication year.
Finally, items that: the library has multiple copies of, are one in a series, are part of a special collection, or that are a unique type of media among others in their shelving location, might have additional lines in their LOC call number either at the top or the bottom to communicate these circumstances. Examples: "REF" - item is a part of the reference collection; "Copy 2" - library owns multiple copies; "Vol. 29 - item is one of a series of volumes; "DVD" - item is, well, a DVD.
LOC call numbers are a little bit more complex than call numbers in the Dewey Decimal system, but LOC allows for more precise sorting.
A LOC call number might look something like this:
HF
1017
.B875
2020
The first letter or letters + the first set of numbers in a LOC call number are an item's Class and Subclass. These are used to group materials that contain information on the same, or similar, topics.
The second (and sometimes third, fourth, etc.) set of characters -- which start with a decimal point -- are called "Cutter Numbers". These help librarians sort items based on author, geographic region, or a number of other relevant pieces of metadata depending on the item. The LOC classification system calls for different types of cutter numbers in different circumstances.
The last set of numbers (if present) denotes the publication year.
Finally, items that: the library has multiple copies of, are one in a series, are part of a special collection, or that are a unique type of media among others in their shelving location, might have additional lines in their LOC call number either at the top or the bottom to communicate these circumstances. Examples: "REF" - item is a part of the reference collection; "Copy 2" - library owns multiple copies; "Vol. 29 - item is one of a series of volumes; "DVD" - item is, well, a DVD.
A = General Works
B = Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
C = Auxiliary Sciences of History
D = World History and History of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Etc.
E = History of the Americas
F = History of the Americas
G = Geography, Anthropology, Recreation
H = Social Sciences
J = Political Science
K = Law
L = Education
M = Music and Books on Music
N = Fine Arts
P = Language and Literature
Q = Science
R = Medicine
S = Agriculture
T = Technology
U = Military Science
V = Naval Science
Z = Bibliography, Library Science, Information Resources (General)
B = Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
C = Auxiliary Sciences of History
D = World History and History of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Etc.
E = History of the Americas
F = History of the Americas
G = Geography, Anthropology, Recreation
H = Social Sciences
J = Political Science
K = Law
L = Education
M = Music and Books on Music
N = Fine Arts
P = Language and Literature
Q = Science
R = Medicine
S = Agriculture
T = Technology
U = Military Science
V = Naval Science
Z = Bibliography, Library Science, Information Resources (General)
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
---|---|
AC | Collections. Series. Collected works. |
AE | Encyclopedias. |
AG | Dictionaries and other general reference works. |
AI | Indexes. |
AM | Museums. |
AN | Newspapers. |
AP | Periodicals. |
AS | Academies and learned societies. |
AY | Yearbooks. Almanacs. Directories. |
AZ | History of scholarship and learning. The humanities. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
B | Philosophy (General). |
BC | Logic. |
BD | Speculative philosophy. |
BF | Psychology. |
BH | Aesthetics. |
BJ | Ethics. |
BL | Religions. Mythology. Rationalism. |
BM | Judaism. |
BP | Islam. Bahaism. Theosophy, etc. |
BQ | Buddhism. |
BR | Christianity. |
BS | The Bible. |
BT | Doctrinal Theology. |
BV | Practical Theology. |
BX | Christian Denominations. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
D | History (General). |
DA | Great Britain. |
DAW | Central Europe. |
DB | Austria - Liechtenstein - Hungary - Czechoslovakia. |
DC | France - Andorra - Monaco. |
DD | Germany. |
DE | Greco-Roman World. |
DF | Greece. |
DG | Italy - Malta. |
DH | Low Countries - Benelux Countries. |
DJ | Netherlands (Holland). |
DJK | Eastern Europe (General). |
DK | Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics - Poland. |
DL | Northern Europe. Scandinavia. |
DP | Spain - Portugal. |
DQ | Switzerland. |
DR | Balkan Peninsula. |
DS | Asia. |
DT | Africa. |
DU | Oceania (South Seas). |
DX | Romanies. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
E11-29 | America (General). |
E31-49.2 | North America. |
E51-73 | Pre-Columbian America. The Indians. |
E75-99 | Indians of North America. |
E101-135 | Discovery of America and early explorations. |
E141-143 | Descriptive accounts of America. Earliest to 1810. |
E151-169.12 | United States (General). |
E171-183.3 | United States History. |
E183.7-183.9 | United States Diplomatic history. Foreign and general relations. |
E184-185.98 | United States Elements in the population. |
E186-199 | United States Colonial history (1607-1775). |
E201-298 | The (United States) Revolution, 1775-1783. |
E300-453 | United States Revolution to the Civil War, 1775/1783-1861. |
E456-655 | United States Civil War period, 1861-1865 |
E660-738 | United States Late nineteenth century, 1865-1900 |
E740-837.7 | United States Twentieth century. |
E838-889 | United States Later twentieth century, 1961-2000. |
E895-904 | United States Twenty-first century. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
H | Social sciences (General). |
HA | Statistics. |
HB | Economic theory. Demography. |
HC | Economic history and conditions. |
HD | Industries. Land use. Labor. |
HE | Transportation and communications. |
HF | Commerce. |
HG | Finance. |
HJ | Public finance. |
HM | Sociology (General). |
HN | Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform. |
HQ | The family. Marriage. Women. |
HS | Societies: secret, benevolent, etc. |
HT | Communities. Classes. Races. |
HV | Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology. |
HX | Socialism. Communism. Anarchism. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
J | General legislative and executive papers. |
JA | Political science (General). |
JC | Political theory. |
JF | Political institutions and public administration. |
JJ | Political institutions and public administration (North America). |
JK | Political institutions and public administration (United States). |
JL | Political institutions and public administration (Canada, Latin America, etc.). |
JN | Political institutions and public administration (Europe). |
JQ | Political institutions and public administration (Asia, Africa, Australia, Pacifica Area, etc.). |
JS | Local government. Municipal government. |
JV | Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration. |
JX (obsolete) | International law, see JZ and KZ. |
JZ | International relations. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
K | Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence. |
KB | Religious law in general. Comparative religious law. Jurisprudence. |
KBM | Jewish law. |
KBP | Islamic law. |
KBR | History of canon law. |
KBU | Law of the Roman Catholic Church. The Holy See. |
KD-KDK | United Kingdom and Ireland. |
KDZ | America. North America. |
KE | Canada. |
KF | United States. |
KG | Latin America - Mexico and Central America - West Indies. Caribbean area. |
KH | South America. |
KJ-KKZ | Europe. |
KL-KWX | Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Area, and Antarctica. |
KZ | Law of Nations. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
L | Education (General). |
LA | History of education. |
LB | Theory and practice of education. |
LC | Special aspects of education. |
LD | Individual institutions - United States. |
LE | Individual institutions - America (except United States). |
LF | Individual institutions - Europe. |
LG | Individual institutions - Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean islands, Australia, New Zealand, Pacific islands. |
LH | College and school magazines and papers. |
LJ | Student fraternities and societies, United States. |
LT | Textbooks. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
P | Philology. Linguistics. |
PA | Greek language and literature. Latin language and literature. |
PB | Modern languages. Celtic languages. |
PC | Romance languages. |
PD | Germanic languages. Scandinavian languages. |
PE | English language. |
PF | West Germanic languages. |
PG | Slavic languages. Baltic languages. Albanian language. |
PH | Uralic languages. Basque language. |
PJ | Oriental languages and literatures. |
PK | Indo-Iranian languages and literatures. |
PL | Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania. |
PM | Hyperborean, Indian, and artificial languages. |
PN | Literature (General). |
PQ | French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature. |
PR | English literature. |
PS | American literature. |
PT | German literature - Dutch literature - Flemish literature since 1830 - Afrikaans literature - Scandinavian literature - Old Norse literature: Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian - Modern Icelandic literature - Faroese literature - Danish literature - Norwegian literature - Swedish literature. |
PZ | Fiction and juvenile belles lettres. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
R | Medicine (General). |
RA | Public aspects of medicine. |
RB | Pathology. |
RC | Internal medicine. |
RD | Surgery. |
RE | Ophthalmology. |
RF | Otorhinolaryngology. |
RG | Gynecology and obstetrics. |
RJ | Pediatrics. |
RK | Dentistry. |
RL | Dermatology. |
RM | Therapeutics. Pharmacology. |
RS | Pharmacy and materia medica. |
RT | Nursing. |
RV | Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine. |
RX | Homeopathy. |
RZ | Other systems of medicine. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
T | Technology (General). |
TA | Engineering (General). Civil engineering. |
TC | Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering. |
TD | Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering. |
TE | Highway engineering. Roads and pavements. |
TF | Railroad engineering and operation. |
TG | Bridge engineering. |
TH | Building construction. |
TJ | Mechanical engineering and machinery. |
TK | Electical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering. |
TL | Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics. |
TN | Mining engineering. Metallurgy. |
TP | Chemical technology. |
TR | Photography. |
TS | Manufactures. |
TT | Handicrafts. Arts and crafts. |
TX | Home economics. |
Subclass Identifiers |
Details |
V | Naval science (General). |
VA | Navies: Organization, distribution, naval situation. |
VB | Naval administration. |
VC | Naval maintenance. |
VD | Naval seamen. |
VE | Marines. |
VF | Naval ordnance. |
VG | Minor services of navies. |
VK | Navigation. Merchant marine. |
VM | Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering. |